abstract：:The stimuli used in taste research are usually considered to be odourless. This was tested in two experiments with aqueous solutions of two representative compounds for each of the five taste qualities including umami. In the first experiment elderly and young subjects rated the intensity and pleasantness of three con...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Mojet J,Köster EP,Prinz JF

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social behaviors of most mammals are affected by chemical signals, pheromones, exchanged between conspecifics. Previous experiments have shown that behavioral responses to the same pheromone differ depending on the sex and endocrine status of the respondent. Although the exact mechanism of this dimorphism is not known...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Thompson RN,Robertson BK,Napier A,Wekesa KS

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrical stimulation of the frog glossopharyngeal (GP) nerve evoked slow hyperpolarizing potentials (HPs) in taste cells. This study aimed to clarify whether slow HPs were postsynaptically induced in taste cells. The slow HPs were recorded intracellularly with a microelectrode. When Ca2+ concentration in the blood p...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Sato T,Okada Y,Toda K

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian olfactory system can discriminate between volatile molecules with subtle differences in their molecular structures. Efforts in synthetic chemistry have delivered a myriad of smelling compounds of different qualities as well as many molecules with very similar olfactive properties. One important class of ...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Bieri S,Monastyrskaia K,Schilling B

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to study potential mixture interactions among bitter compounds, selected sodium salts were added to five compounds presented either alone or as binary bitter-compound mixtures. Each compound was tested at a concentration that elicited 'weak' perceived bitterness. The bitter compounds were mixed at these conce...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Keast RS,Canty TM,Breslin PA

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobe of Heliothis virescens moths, contains 62 glomeruli which process plant odour information and four male-specific glomeruli which form the macroglomerular complex, involved in processing information about pheromone and interspecific signals. Using calcium imaging, we reco...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Skiri HT,Galizia CG,Mustaparta H

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments examined time/concentration trading for the detection of carbon dioxide, an irritant with little or no odor. Experiment 1 employed the nasal lateralization method: subjects attempted to determine which nostril received carbon dioxide and which received pure air when presented simultaneously. Experiment...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Wise PM,Radil T,Wysocki CJ

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It was recently shown that in some subjects capsaicin can evoke bitterness as well as burning and stinging, particularly in the circumvallate (CV) region of the tongue. Because perception of bitterness from capsaicin is characterized by large individual differences, the main goal of the present study was to learn whet...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Green BG,Hayes JE

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current ambiguity concerning the related issues of optimal means for measurement of odor sensitivity and the functional properties of the olfactory system hinders progress in basic and applied research on the human sense of smell. To address these needs, we selected n-amyl acetate (nAA) as a test odorant and developed...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Walker JC,Hall SB,Walker DB,Kendal-Reed MS,Hood AF,Niu XF

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular neuronal responses were recorded from the posterior insular cortex following electrical and chemical stimulation of the thalamic reticular nucleus (Rt) regions. In the present study, most neurons (29/32) were first characterized for their responses to electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal (SL)...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Hanamori T

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The septal organ of Masera (SO) is a small, isolated patch of olfactory epithelium, located in the ventral part of the nasal septum. We investigated in this systematic study the postnatal development of the SO in histological sections of rats at various ages from the day of birth (P1) to P666. The SO-area increases to...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Weiler E,Farbman AI

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavor and texture contribute to the perception of creaminess in dairy products, but the nature of this interaction is not well understood. Previous studies on the genetic ability to perceive the bitter compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) reveal the existence of individual differences in creaminess perception. The ob...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Kirkmeyer SV,Tepper BJ

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sodium taste transduction is thought to occur via an amiloride-sensitive, sodium-selective pathway and an amiloride-insensitive, cation nonselective, anion-dependent pathway(s). It has been shown by others that amiloride, an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blocker, significantly reduces the chorda tympani nerve respo...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Eylam S,Spector AC

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The terminal nerve, which innervates the nasal epithelia of most jawed vertebrates, is believed to release neuropeptides that modulate activity of sensory receptor neurons. The terminal nerve usually contains gonadotropin-releasing hormone as well as at least one other peptide that has not been characterized, but whic...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Park D,Zawacki SR,Eisthen HL

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine the functional subdivision of the teleost olfactory bulb, extracellular recordings were made from the posterior part of the medial region of the olfactory bulb in the crucian carp, Carassius carassius. Bulbar units classified as type I or type II were frequently and simultaneously encountered at a recording...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Hamdani el H,Døving KB

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perception of sweetness and flavour were studied in viscous solutions containing 50 g/l sucrose, 100 p.p.m. iso-amyl acetate and varying concentrations of three hydrocolloid thickeners (guar gum, lambda-carrageenan and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose). Zero-shear viscosity of the samples ranged from 1 to 5000 mPas. ...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Cook DJ,Hollowood TA,Linforth RS,Taylor AJ

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinically, olfaction can fail in any of three ways: (i) decreased sensitivity (hyposmia, anosmia) and two types of distortion (dysosmia); (ii) distorted quality of an odorant stimulation (troposmia); (iii) perceived odor when no odorant is present (phantosmia, hallucination). The distortions are usually much more ups...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Leopold D

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An odor emitted by an object signals the presence of that object and may draw attention to it. Can odors that are not actually emitted by an object also function as a signal? We investigated whether the degree of thematic congruency between an ambient odor and a magazine affected magazine sales in a retail store. We s...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Schifferstein HN,Blok ST

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological responses of olfactory receptor neurons in both male and female silkmoths (Bombyx mori) were investigated. In both sexes, the G-protein activator sodium fluoride and 1,2-dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol, a membrane-permeable analog of the protein kinase C activator diacylglycerol, elicited nerve impulse res...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Pophof B,Van der Goes van Naters W

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A previous study investigating individuals' bitterness sensitivities found a close association among three compounds: L-tryptophan (L-trp), L-phenylalanine (L-phe) and urea (Delwiche et al., 2001, Percept. Psychophys. 63, 761-776). In the present experiment, psychophysical cross-adaptation and bitterness inhibition ex...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Keast RS,Breslin PA

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of soluble starch (acid-modified starch) on taste intensity was investigated in human subjects. Different concentrations of sucrose (Suc), six sweeteners, NaCl, quinine-HCl (QHCl) and citric acid (Cit) were dissolved in either distilled water (DW; standard) or starch solution (test solution). The solutions ...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Kanemaru N,Harada S,Kasahara Y

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory lamellae of teleosts contain two morphologically different types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs): ciliated ORNs (cORNs) and microvillous ORNs (mORNs). However, little is known about the functional difference between these two types of ORNs in fish olfaction. We isolated cORNs and mORNs using a Ca(2+)-fr...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Sato K,Suzuki N

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Detection thresholds for NaCl, KCl, sucrose, aspartame, acetic acid, citric acid, caffeine, quinine HCl, monosodium glutamate (MSG) and inosine 5'-monophosphate (IMP) were assessed in 21 young (19-33 years) and 21 elderly (60-75 years) persons by taking the average of six ascending two-alternative forced choice tests....

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Mojet J,Christ-Hazelhof E,Heidema J

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lectin binding patterns in the olfactory bulb of the mouse were investigated using 12 biotinylated lectins. Three, with specificities for galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and L-fucose, stained only the nervous and glomerular layers of the accessory olfactory bulb; four, with specificities for galactose or N-acetylgluc...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Salazar I,Sánchez Quinteiro P,Lombardero M,Cifuentes JM

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study analyzed 42 organic solvent extracts of scent mark pools from five dominant female common marmosets by gas chromatography (GC) and combined GC and mass spectrometry. We determined whether there were qualitative or quantitative differences between the chemical composition of scent marks from individua...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Smith TE,Tomlinson AJ,Mlotkiewicz JA,Abbott DH

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The state of the art in aroma analysis is reviewed with emphasis on aroma-recombination studies using synthetic blends of odorants (aroma models) which have been prepared on the basis of analytical data. The model that matches the original aroma is the starting material for omission experiments which are performed to ...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Grosch W

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 20 normal and four anosmic participants, instantaneous inhalation and exhalation flow rates were recorded in response to 15 s stimulations with clean air or propionic acid concentrations (0.16, 1.14, 8.22 and 59.15 p.p.m., v/v) that ranged from peri-threshold for normals to clearly supra-threshold for anosmics. Eac...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Walker JC,Kendal-Reed M,Hall SB,Morgan WT,Polyakov VV,Lutz RW

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atypical glomeruli (AtG) are clearly distinguishable from typical ones because of their strong cholinergic innervation. AtG are located in defined positions in the caudal half of the main olfactory bulb of rodents. The AtG partially overlap with other specialized olfactory subsystems, such as the modified glomerular c...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Weruaga E,Briñón JG,Porteros A,Arévalo R,Aijón J,Alonso JR

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is difficult to determine the reason why a patient complains of a bitter taste when their mouth is empty. We examined a new diagnostic test using a bitterness masking substance. The bitterness masking substance, 'Benecoat BMI-60' (hereafter BMI-60), is a masking substance specific to the taste cells' bitterness rec...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Ishimaru T,Hatanaka S,Miwa T,Furukawa M

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Restriction of dietary sodium during gestation has major effects on taste function and anatomy in the offspring. The chorda tympani nerve of offspring that are maintained on sodium-reduced chow throughout life (NaDep) has reduced neurophysiological responses to sodium and altered morphology of its terminal field in th...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Sollars SI,Hill DL

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is no natural physical continuum for odor quality along which an odor quality discrimination (OQD) threshold can be measured. In an attempt to overcome this problem, the substitution-reciprocity (SURE) method defines a framework for the measurement of an OQD threshold. More specifically, it (i) defines a thresho...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Olsson MJ,Cain WS

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the glossopharyngeal (GP) nerve of the frog was stimulated electrically, electropositive slow potentials were recorded from the tongue surface and depolarizing slow potentials from taste cells in the fungiform papillae. The amplitude of the slow potentials was stimulus strength- and the frequency-dependent. Gener...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Sato T,Toda K,Miyamoto T,Okada Y,Fujiyama R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the membrane-permeable dibutyryl guanosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (db-cGMP) on the bombykol-elicited receptor current and nerve impulse activity were studied using the open sensillum recording technique. db-cGMP was applied to the outer dendritic membrane of the olfactory receptor neuron of the mot...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Redkozubov A

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of task duration on odor discrimination in aging was studied. Twenty-seven young male adults and 24 young female adults between 18 and 30 years of age, and 17 older male adults between 45 and 65 years of age completed an odor discrimination task. The odor discrimination task consisted of two parts of 16 tri...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Hulshoff Pol HE,Hijman R,Baaré WF,van Eekelen S,van Ree JM

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Single carbon to 18 carbon n-aliphatic carboxylic acids were tested for their attractive effects on female Aedes aegypti in a Y-tube olfactometer. Each acid was tested over a wide range of concentrations together with L-(+)-lactic acid, the indispensable synergist for other attractive components emitted from human hos...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Bosch OJ,Geier M,Boeckh J

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants release hundreds of volatiles that are important in interactions with insects or other organisms. However, knowledge is scarce as to which of the compounds are detected by the organism's olfactory receptor neurons. In the present study, single receptor neurons on the antennae of the tobacco budworm moth, Heliot...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Røstelien T,Borg-Karlson AK,Fäldt J,Jacobsson U,Mustaparta H

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory discrimination of amino acids was investigated in brown bullhead catfish (Ameiurus nebulosus). Based on the magnitude of the observed food search activity of catfish conditioned to single amino acids, the tested compounds were classified as being detected by the catfish as equal to, similar to, or different ...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Valentincic T,Metelko J,Ota D,Pirc V,Blejec A

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were performed to determine which bundles of the olfactory tracts were essential for mediating alarm reaction in crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.). The fish were maintained in physiological saline after surgery to preserve the remaining tracts and postoperative inspections revealed the functionality of...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Hamdani EH,Stabell OB,Alexander G,Døving KB

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfaction involves a dual sensory process for perceiving odors orthonasally (through the nostrils) and retronasally (through the mouth). This investigation entailed developing a measure of sensitivity to an odor delivered in an orally sampled food (orange flavoring in a sucrose-sweetened gelatin) and examining sensiti...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Duffy VB,Cain WS,Ferris AM

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which the sodium salt of +/-2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propanoic acid (Na-PMP) reduced sweet intensity ratings of 15 sweeteners in mixtures. Na-PMP has been approved for use in confectionary/frostings, soft candy and snack products in the USA at concentrations up to 15...

journal_title：Chemical senses

authors： Schiffman SS,Booth BJ,Sattely-Miller EA,Graham BG,Gibes KM

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00